a3202f7bf9
These tests depend on qemu-img being installed and in the path, if it is not installed, skip them. Change-Id: I896f16c512f24bcdd898ab002af4e5e068f66b64 Closes-bug: #2073862 Signed-off-by: Julien Le Jeune <julien.le-jeune@ovhcloud.com>
667 lines
26 KiB
Python
667 lines
26 KiB
Python
# Copyright 2020 Red Hat, Inc
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# All Rights Reserved.
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
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# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
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# a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
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# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
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# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
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# under the License.
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import io
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import os
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import re
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import struct
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import subprocess
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import tempfile
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from unittest import mock
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from oslo_utils import units
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from nova.image import format_inspector
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from nova import test
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TEST_IMAGE_PREFIX = 'nova-unittest-formatinspector-'
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def get_size_from_qemu_img(filename):
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output = subprocess.check_output('qemu-img info "%s"' % filename,
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shell=True)
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for line in output.split(b'\n'):
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m = re.search(b'^virtual size: .* .([0-9]+) bytes', line.strip())
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if m:
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return int(m.group(1))
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raise Exception('Could not find virtual size with qemu-img')
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class TestFormatInspectors(test.NoDBTestCase):
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def setUp(self):
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super(TestFormatInspectors, self).setUp()
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self._created_files = []
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def tearDown(self):
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super(TestFormatInspectors, self).tearDown()
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for fn in self._created_files:
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try:
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os.remove(fn)
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except Exception:
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pass
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def _create_iso(self, image_size, subformat='9660'):
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"""Create an ISO file of the given size.
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:param image_size: The size of the image to create in bytes
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:param subformat: The subformat to use, if any
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"""
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# these tests depend on mkisofs
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# being installed and in the path,
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# if it is not installed, skip
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try:
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subprocess.check_output('mkisofs --version', shell=True)
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except Exception:
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self.skipTest('mkisofs not installed')
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size = image_size // units.Mi
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base_cmd = "mkisofs"
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if subformat == 'udf':
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# depending on the distribution mkisofs may not support udf
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# and may be provided by genisoimage instead. As a result we
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# need to check if the command supports udf via help
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# instead of checking the installed version.
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# mkisofs --help outputs to stderr so we need to
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# redirect it to stdout to use grep.
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try:
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subprocess.check_output(
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'mkisofs --help 2>&1 | grep udf', shell=True)
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except Exception:
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self.skipTest('mkisofs does not support udf format')
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base_cmd += " -udf"
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prefix = TEST_IMAGE_PREFIX
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prefix += '-%s-' % subformat
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fn = tempfile.mktemp(prefix=prefix, suffix='.iso')
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self._created_files.append(fn)
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subprocess.check_output(
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'dd if=/dev/zero of=%s bs=1M count=%i' % (fn, size),
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shell=True)
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# We need to use different file as input and output as the behavior
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# of mkisofs is version dependent if both the input and the output
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# are the same and can cause test failures
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out_fn = "%s.iso" % fn
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subprocess.check_output(
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'%s -V "TEST" -o %s %s' % (base_cmd, out_fn, fn),
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shell=True)
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self._created_files.append(out_fn)
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return out_fn
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def _create_img(
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self, fmt, size, subformat=None, options=None,
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backing_file=None):
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"""Create an image file of the given format and size.
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:param fmt: The format to create
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:param size: The size of the image to create in bytes
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:param subformat: The subformat to use, if any
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:param options: A dictionary of options to pass to the format
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:param backing_file: The backing file to use, if any
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"""
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if fmt == 'iso':
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return self._create_iso(size, subformat)
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if fmt == 'vhd':
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# QEMU calls the vhd format vpc
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fmt = 'vpc'
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# these tests depend on qemu-img being installed and in the path,
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# if it is not installed, skip. we also need to ensure that the
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# format is supported by qemu-img, this can vary depending on the
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# distribution so we need to check if the format is supported via
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# the help output.
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try:
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subprocess.check_output(
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'qemu-img --help | grep %s' % fmt, shell=True)
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except Exception:
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self.skipTest(
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'qemu-img not installed or does not support %s format' % fmt)
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if options is None:
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options = {}
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opt = ''
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prefix = TEST_IMAGE_PREFIX
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if subformat:
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options['subformat'] = subformat
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prefix += subformat + '-'
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if options:
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opt += '-o ' + ','.join('%s=%s' % (k, v)
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for k, v in options.items())
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if backing_file is not None:
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opt += ' -b %s -F raw' % backing_file
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fn = tempfile.mktemp(prefix=prefix,
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suffix='.%s' % fmt)
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self._created_files.append(fn)
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subprocess.check_output(
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'qemu-img create -f %s %s %s %i' % (fmt, opt, fn, size),
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shell=True)
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return fn
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def _create_allocated_vmdk(self, size_mb, subformat=None):
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# We need a "big" VMDK file to exercise some parts of the code of the
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# format_inspector. A way to create one is to first create an empty
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# file, and then to convert it with the -S 0 option.
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if subformat is None:
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# Matches qemu-img default, see `qemu-img convert -O vmdk -o help`
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subformat = 'monolithicSparse'
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prefix = TEST_IMAGE_PREFIX
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prefix += '-%s-' % subformat
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fn = tempfile.mktemp(prefix=prefix, suffix='.vmdk')
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self._created_files.append(fn)
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raw = tempfile.mktemp(prefix=prefix, suffix='.raw')
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self._created_files.append(raw)
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# Create a file with pseudo-random data, otherwise it will get
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# compressed in the streamOptimized format
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subprocess.check_output(
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'dd if=/dev/urandom of=%s bs=1M count=%i' % (raw, size_mb),
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shell=True)
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# Convert it to VMDK
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# these tests depend on qemu-img
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# being installed and in the path,
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# if it is not installed, skip
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try:
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subprocess.check_output(
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'qemu-img convert -f raw -O vmdk -o subformat=%s -S 0 %s %s'
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% (subformat, raw, fn),
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shell=True)
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except Exception:
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self.skipTest("qemu-img not installed")
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return fn
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def _test_format_at_block_size(self, format_name, img, block_size):
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fmt = format_inspector.get_inspector(format_name)()
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self.assertIsNotNone(fmt,
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'Did not get format inspector for %s' % (
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format_name))
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wrapper = format_inspector.InfoWrapper(open(img, 'rb'), fmt)
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while True:
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chunk = wrapper.read(block_size)
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if not chunk:
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break
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wrapper.close()
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return fmt
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def _test_format_at_image_size(self, format_name, image_size,
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subformat=None):
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"""Test the format inspector for the given format at the
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given image size.
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:param format_name: The format to test
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:param image_size: The size of the image to create in bytes
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:param subformat: The subformat to use, if any
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"""
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img = self._create_img(format_name, image_size, subformat=subformat)
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# Some formats have internal alignment restrictions making this not
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# always exactly like image_size, so get the real value for comparison
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virtual_size = get_size_from_qemu_img(img)
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# Read the format in various sizes, some of which will read whole
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# sections in a single read, others will be completely unaligned, etc.
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block_sizes = [64 * units.Ki, 1 * units.Mi]
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# ISO images have a 32KB system area at the beginning of the image
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# as a result reading that in 17 or 512 byte blocks takes too long,
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# causing the test to fail. The 64KiB block size is enough to read
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# the system area and header in a single read. the 1MiB block size
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# adds very little time to the test so we include it.
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if format_name != 'iso':
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block_sizes.extend([17, 512])
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for block_size in block_sizes:
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fmt = self._test_format_at_block_size(format_name, img, block_size)
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self.assertTrue(fmt.format_match,
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'Failed to match %s at size %i block %i' % (
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format_name, image_size, block_size))
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self.assertEqual(virtual_size, fmt.virtual_size,
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('Failed to calculate size for %s at size %i '
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'block %i') % (format_name, image_size,
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block_size))
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memory = sum(fmt.context_info.values())
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self.assertLess(memory, 512 * units.Ki,
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'Format used more than 512KiB of memory: %s' % (
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fmt.context_info))
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def _test_format(self, format_name, subformat=None):
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# Try a few different image sizes, including some odd and very small
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# sizes
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for image_size in (512, 513, 2057, 7):
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self._test_format_at_image_size(format_name, image_size * units.Mi,
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subformat=subformat)
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def test_qcow2(self):
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self._test_format('qcow2')
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def test_iso_9660(self):
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self._test_format('iso', subformat='9660')
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def test_iso_udf(self):
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self._test_format('iso', subformat='udf')
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def _generate_bad_iso(self):
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# we want to emulate a malicious user who uploads a an
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# ISO file has a qcow2 header in the system area
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# of the ISO file
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# we will create a qcow2 image and an ISO file
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# and then copy the qcow2 header to the ISO file
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# e.g.
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# mkisofs -o orig.iso /etc/resolv.conf
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# qemu-img create orig.qcow2 -f qcow2 64M
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# dd if=orig.qcow2 of=outcome bs=32K count=1
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# dd if=orig.iso of=outcome bs=32K skip=1 seek=1
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qcow = self._create_img('qcow2', 10 * units.Mi)
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iso = self._create_iso(64 * units.Mi, subformat='9660')
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# first ensure the files are valid
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iso_fmt = self._test_format_at_block_size('iso', iso, 4 * units.Ki)
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self.assertTrue(iso_fmt.format_match)
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qcow_fmt = self._test_format_at_block_size('qcow2', qcow, 4 * units.Ki)
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self.assertTrue(qcow_fmt.format_match)
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# now copy the qcow2 header to an ISO file
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prefix = TEST_IMAGE_PREFIX
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prefix += '-bad-'
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fn = tempfile.mktemp(prefix=prefix, suffix='.iso')
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self._created_files.append(fn)
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subprocess.check_output(
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'dd if=%s of=%s bs=32K count=1' % (qcow, fn),
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shell=True)
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subprocess.check_output(
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'dd if=%s of=%s bs=32K skip=1 seek=1' % (iso, fn),
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shell=True)
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return qcow, iso, fn
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def test_bad_iso_qcow2(self):
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_, _, fn = self._generate_bad_iso()
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iso_check = self._test_format_at_block_size('iso', fn, 4 * units.Ki)
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qcow_check = self._test_format_at_block_size('qcow2', fn, 4 * units.Ki)
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# this system area of the ISO file is not considered part of the format
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# the qcow2 header is in the system area of the ISO file
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# so the ISO file is still valid
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self.assertTrue(iso_check.format_match)
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# the qcow2 header is in the system area of the ISO file
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# but that will be parsed by the qcow2 format inspector
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# and it will match
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self.assertTrue(qcow_check.format_match)
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# if we call format_inspector.detect_file_format it should detect
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# and raise an exception because both match internally.
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e = self.assertRaises(
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format_inspector.ImageFormatError,
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format_inspector.detect_file_format, fn)
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self.assertIn('Multiple formats detected', str(e))
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def test_vhd(self):
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self._test_format('vhd')
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def test_vhdx(self):
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self._test_format('vhdx')
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def test_vmdk(self):
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self._test_format('vmdk')
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def test_vmdk_stream_optimized(self):
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self._test_format('vmdk', 'streamOptimized')
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def test_from_file_reads_minimum(self):
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img = self._create_img('qcow2', 10 * units.Mi)
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file_size = os.stat(img).st_size
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fmt = format_inspector.QcowInspector.from_file(img)
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# We know everything we need from the first 512 bytes of a QCOW image,
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# so make sure that we did not read the whole thing when we inspect
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# a local file.
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self.assertLess(fmt.actual_size, file_size)
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def test_qed_always_unsafe(self):
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img = self._create_img('qed', 10 * units.Mi)
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fmt = format_inspector.get_inspector('qed').from_file(img)
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self.assertTrue(fmt.format_match)
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self.assertFalse(fmt.safety_check())
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def _test_vmdk_bad_descriptor_offset(self, subformat=None):
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format_name = 'vmdk'
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image_size = 10 * units.Mi
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descriptorOffsetAddr = 0x1c
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BAD_ADDRESS = 0x400
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img = self._create_img(format_name, image_size, subformat=subformat)
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# Corrupt the header
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fd = open(img, 'r+b')
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fd.seek(descriptorOffsetAddr)
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fd.write(struct.pack('<Q', BAD_ADDRESS // 512))
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fd.close()
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# Read the format in various sizes, some of which will read whole
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# sections in a single read, others will be completely unaligned, etc.
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for block_size in (64 * units.Ki, 512, 17, 1 * units.Mi):
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fmt = self._test_format_at_block_size(format_name, img, block_size)
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self.assertTrue(fmt.format_match,
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'Failed to match %s at size %i block %i' % (
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format_name, image_size, block_size))
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self.assertEqual(0, fmt.virtual_size,
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('Calculated a virtual size for a corrupt %s at '
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'size %i block %i') % (format_name, image_size,
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block_size))
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def test_vmdk_bad_descriptor_offset(self):
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self._test_vmdk_bad_descriptor_offset()
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def test_vmdk_bad_descriptor_offset_stream_optimized(self):
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self._test_vmdk_bad_descriptor_offset(subformat='streamOptimized')
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def _test_vmdk_bad_descriptor_mem_limit(self, subformat=None):
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format_name = 'vmdk'
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image_size = 5 * units.Mi
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virtual_size = 5 * units.Mi
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descriptorOffsetAddr = 0x1c
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descriptorSizeAddr = descriptorOffsetAddr + 8
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twoMBInSectors = (2 << 20) // 512
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# We need a big VMDK because otherwise we will not have enough data to
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# fill-up the CaptureRegion.
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img = self._create_allocated_vmdk(image_size // units.Mi,
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subformat=subformat)
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# Corrupt the end of descriptor address so it "ends" at 2MB
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fd = open(img, 'r+b')
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fd.seek(descriptorSizeAddr)
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fd.write(struct.pack('<Q', twoMBInSectors))
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fd.close()
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# Read the format in various sizes, some of which will read whole
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# sections in a single read, others will be completely unaligned, etc.
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for block_size in (64 * units.Ki, 512, 17, 1 * units.Mi):
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fmt = self._test_format_at_block_size(format_name, img, block_size)
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self.assertTrue(fmt.format_match,
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'Failed to match %s at size %i block %i' % (
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format_name, image_size, block_size))
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self.assertEqual(virtual_size, fmt.virtual_size,
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('Failed to calculate size for %s at size %i '
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'block %i') % (format_name, image_size,
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block_size))
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memory = sum(fmt.context_info.values())
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self.assertLess(memory, 1.5 * units.Mi,
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'Format used more than 1.5MiB of memory: %s' % (
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fmt.context_info))
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def test_vmdk_bad_descriptor_mem_limit(self):
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self._test_vmdk_bad_descriptor_mem_limit()
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def test_vmdk_bad_descriptor_mem_limit_stream_optimized(self):
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self._test_vmdk_bad_descriptor_mem_limit(subformat='streamOptimized')
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def test_qcow2_safety_checks(self):
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# Create backing and data-file names (and initialize the backing file)
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backing_fn = tempfile.mktemp(prefix='backing')
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self._created_files.append(backing_fn)
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with open(backing_fn, 'w') as f:
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f.write('foobar')
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data_fn = tempfile.mktemp(prefix='data')
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self._created_files.append(data_fn)
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# A qcow with no backing or data file is safe
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fn = self._create_img('qcow2', 5 * units.Mi, None)
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inspector = format_inspector.QcowInspector.from_file(fn)
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self.assertTrue(inspector.safety_check())
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# A backing file makes it unsafe
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fn = self._create_img('qcow2', 5 * units.Mi, None,
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backing_file=backing_fn)
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inspector = format_inspector.QcowInspector.from_file(fn)
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self.assertFalse(inspector.safety_check())
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# A data-file makes it unsafe
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fn = self._create_img('qcow2', 5 * units.Mi,
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options={'data_file': data_fn,
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'data_file_raw': 'on'})
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inspector = format_inspector.QcowInspector.from_file(fn)
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self.assertFalse(inspector.safety_check())
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# Trying to load a non-QCOW file is an error
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self.assertRaises(format_inspector.ImageFormatError,
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format_inspector.QcowInspector.from_file,
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backing_fn)
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def test_qcow2_feature_flag_checks(self):
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data = bytearray(512)
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data[0:4] = b'QFI\xFB'
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inspector = format_inspector.QcowInspector()
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inspector.region('header').data = data
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# All zeros, no feature flags - all good
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self.assertFalse(inspector.has_unknown_features)
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# A feature flag set in the first byte (highest-order) is not
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# something we know about, so fail.
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data[0x48] = 0x01
|
|
self.assertTrue(inspector.has_unknown_features)
|
|
|
|
# The first bit in the last byte (lowest-order) is known (the dirty
|
|
# bit) so that should pass
|
|
data[0x48] = 0x00
|
|
data[0x4F] = 0x01
|
|
self.assertFalse(inspector.has_unknown_features)
|
|
|
|
# Currently (as of 2024), the high-order feature flag bit in the low-
|
|
# order byte is not assigned, so make sure we reject it.
|
|
data[0x4F] = 0x80
|
|
self.assertTrue(inspector.has_unknown_features)
|
|
|
|
def test_vdi(self):
|
|
self._test_format('vdi')
|
|
|
|
def _test_format_with_invalid_data(self, format_name):
|
|
fmt = format_inspector.get_inspector(format_name)()
|
|
wrapper = format_inspector.InfoWrapper(open(__file__, 'rb'), fmt)
|
|
while True:
|
|
chunk = wrapper.read(32)
|
|
if not chunk:
|
|
break
|
|
|
|
wrapper.close()
|
|
self.assertFalse(fmt.format_match)
|
|
self.assertEqual(0, fmt.virtual_size)
|
|
memory = sum(fmt.context_info.values())
|
|
self.assertLess(memory, 512 * units.Ki,
|
|
'Format used more than 512KiB of memory: %s' % (
|
|
fmt.context_info))
|
|
|
|
def test_qcow2_invalid(self):
|
|
self._test_format_with_invalid_data('qcow2')
|
|
|
|
def test_vhd_invalid(self):
|
|
self._test_format_with_invalid_data('vhd')
|
|
|
|
def test_vhdx_invalid(self):
|
|
self._test_format_with_invalid_data('vhdx')
|
|
|
|
def test_vmdk_invalid(self):
|
|
self._test_format_with_invalid_data('vmdk')
|
|
|
|
def test_vdi_invalid(self):
|
|
self._test_format_with_invalid_data('vdi')
|
|
|
|
def test_vmdk_invalid_type(self):
|
|
fmt = format_inspector.get_inspector('vmdk')()
|
|
wrapper = format_inspector.InfoWrapper(open(__file__, 'rb'), fmt)
|
|
while True:
|
|
chunk = wrapper.read(32)
|
|
if not chunk:
|
|
break
|
|
|
|
wrapper.close()
|
|
|
|
fake_rgn = mock.MagicMock()
|
|
fake_rgn.complete = True
|
|
fake_rgn.data = b'foocreateType="someunknownformat"bar'
|
|
|
|
with mock.patch.object(fmt, 'has_region', return_value=True):
|
|
with mock.patch.object(fmt, 'region', return_value=fake_rgn):
|
|
self.assertEqual(0, fmt.virtual_size)
|
|
|
|
|
|
class TestFormatInspectorInfra(test.NoDBTestCase):
|
|
def _test_capture_region_bs(self, bs):
|
|
data = b''.join(chr(x).encode() for x in range(ord('A'), ord('z')))
|
|
|
|
regions = [
|
|
format_inspector.CaptureRegion(3, 9),
|
|
format_inspector.CaptureRegion(0, 256),
|
|
format_inspector.CaptureRegion(32, 8),
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
for region in regions:
|
|
# None of them should be complete yet
|
|
self.assertFalse(region.complete)
|
|
|
|
pos = 0
|
|
for i in range(0, len(data), bs):
|
|
chunk = data[i:i + bs]
|
|
pos += len(chunk)
|
|
for region in regions:
|
|
region.capture(chunk, pos)
|
|
|
|
self.assertEqual(data[3:12], regions[0].data)
|
|
self.assertEqual(data[0:256], regions[1].data)
|
|
self.assertEqual(data[32:40], regions[2].data)
|
|
|
|
# The small regions should be complete
|
|
self.assertTrue(regions[0].complete)
|
|
self.assertTrue(regions[2].complete)
|
|
|
|
# This region extended past the available data, so not complete
|
|
self.assertFalse(regions[1].complete)
|
|
|
|
def test_capture_region(self):
|
|
for block_size in (1, 3, 7, 13, 32, 64):
|
|
self._test_capture_region_bs(block_size)
|
|
|
|
def _get_wrapper(self, data):
|
|
source = io.BytesIO(data)
|
|
fake_fmt = mock.create_autospec(format_inspector.get_inspector('raw'))
|
|
return format_inspector.InfoWrapper(source, fake_fmt)
|
|
|
|
def test_info_wrapper_file_like(self):
|
|
data = b''.join(chr(x).encode() for x in range(ord('A'), ord('z')))
|
|
wrapper = self._get_wrapper(data)
|
|
|
|
read_data = b''
|
|
while True:
|
|
chunk = wrapper.read(8)
|
|
if not chunk:
|
|
break
|
|
read_data += chunk
|
|
|
|
self.assertEqual(data, read_data)
|
|
|
|
def test_info_wrapper_iter_like(self):
|
|
data = b''.join(chr(x).encode() for x in range(ord('A'), ord('z')))
|
|
wrapper = self._get_wrapper(data)
|
|
|
|
read_data = b''
|
|
for chunk in wrapper:
|
|
read_data += chunk
|
|
|
|
self.assertEqual(data, read_data)
|
|
|
|
def test_info_wrapper_file_like_eats_error(self):
|
|
wrapper = self._get_wrapper(b'123456')
|
|
wrapper._format.eat_chunk.side_effect = Exception('fail')
|
|
|
|
data = b''
|
|
while True:
|
|
chunk = wrapper.read(3)
|
|
if not chunk:
|
|
break
|
|
data += chunk
|
|
|
|
# Make sure we got all the data despite the error
|
|
self.assertEqual(b'123456', data)
|
|
|
|
# Make sure we only called this once and never again after
|
|
# the error was raised
|
|
wrapper._format.eat_chunk.assert_called_once_with(b'123')
|
|
|
|
def test_info_wrapper_iter_like_eats_error(self):
|
|
fake_fmt = mock.create_autospec(format_inspector.get_inspector('raw'))
|
|
wrapper = format_inspector.InfoWrapper(iter([b'123', b'456']),
|
|
fake_fmt)
|
|
fake_fmt.eat_chunk.side_effect = Exception('fail')
|
|
|
|
data = b''
|
|
for chunk in wrapper:
|
|
data += chunk
|
|
|
|
# Make sure we got all the data despite the error
|
|
self.assertEqual(b'123456', data)
|
|
|
|
# Make sure we only called this once and never again after
|
|
# the error was raised
|
|
fake_fmt.eat_chunk.assert_called_once_with(b'123')
|
|
|
|
def test_get_inspector(self):
|
|
self.assertEqual(format_inspector.QcowInspector,
|
|
format_inspector.get_inspector('qcow2'))
|
|
self.assertIsNone(format_inspector.get_inspector('foo'))
|
|
|
|
|
|
class TestFormatInspectorsTargeted(test.NoDBTestCase):
|
|
def _make_vhd_meta(self, guid_raw, item_length):
|
|
# Meta region header, padded to 32 bytes
|
|
data = struct.pack('<8sHH', b'metadata', 0, 1)
|
|
data += b'0' * 20
|
|
|
|
# Metadata table entry, 16-byte GUID, 12-byte information,
|
|
# padded to 32-bytes
|
|
data += guid_raw
|
|
data += struct.pack('<III', 256, item_length, 0)
|
|
data += b'0' * 6
|
|
|
|
return data
|
|
|
|
def test_vhd_table_over_limit(self):
|
|
ins = format_inspector.VHDXInspector()
|
|
meta = format_inspector.CaptureRegion(0, 0)
|
|
desired = b'012345678ABCDEF0'
|
|
# This is a poorly-crafted image that specifies a larger table size
|
|
# than is allowed
|
|
meta.data = self._make_vhd_meta(desired, 33 * 2048)
|
|
ins.new_region('metadata', meta)
|
|
new_region = ins._find_meta_entry(ins._guid(desired))
|
|
# Make sure we clamp to our limit of 32 * 2048
|
|
self.assertEqual(
|
|
format_inspector.VHDXInspector.VHDX_METADATA_TABLE_MAX_SIZE,
|
|
new_region.length)
|
|
|
|
def test_vhd_table_under_limit(self):
|
|
ins = format_inspector.VHDXInspector()
|
|
meta = format_inspector.CaptureRegion(0, 0)
|
|
desired = b'012345678ABCDEF0'
|
|
meta.data = self._make_vhd_meta(desired, 16 * 2048)
|
|
ins.new_region('metadata', meta)
|
|
new_region = ins._find_meta_entry(ins._guid(desired))
|
|
# Table size was under the limit, make sure we get it back
|
|
self.assertEqual(16 * 2048, new_region.length)
|